Sterling HS Pickup Configuration Explanation

Hi,
1) What is the phantom pickup? Is it an active pickup that is underneath the pickguard (ie hidden?) does that mean the single coil and humbucker are passive?

2) I know the physical difference between a resistor being in series or parallel but what does it mean sound wise with respect to pickups?

3) Can someone please explain the different sound/style/use each configuration generates? see attachment
Coil 1- Humbucker coil closest to bridge
Coil 2- Humbucker coil farthest from bride
Coil…

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